2025.04.13

From urban legends to scientific verification, the mysterious world of "boundaries"

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Since ancient times, it has been believed that people are protected by an invisible force. The symbolic thing is the "boundary". It is said that the barrier has the power to keep demons at bay and maintain the sacred space. Its existence extends to myths and legends, as well as modern urban legends.

On the other hand, from a scientific point of view, how is the boundary really interpreted? This subject, which is often regarded as unscientific, is actually an interesting analysis from the perspectives of psychology, physics, and even architecture. Is it just a superstition, or does it have an aspect of reality that has yet to be elucidated?

In this article, we will explore the mysteries surrounding the boundary and its truth from a variety of perspectives, from ancient myths to modern research. Why don't you travel with us through the mysterious world of the world?
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Article Contents

Chapter 1: What is a boundary? Its origin and history
Chapter 2: Types of Boundaries and Their Forms
Chapter 3: The Function of Boundaries and Their Scientific Interpretation
Chapter 4: Urban Legends and True Stories Surrounding the Boundary
Chapter 5: Contemporary Applications and Possibilities of Boundary

Chapter 1: What is a boundary? Its origin and history

1-1. Definition and concept of boundary

Boundary refers to the concept of physically or spiritually delimiting a place, and is known as an idea that is particularly closely tied to Buddhism and Shintoism. In Japan culture, boundaries function as symbolic or substantial barriers to the establishment of sanctuaries, and are believed to guarantee sacredness and safety within those boundaries. On the other hand, on the spiritual side, it also plays a role in preventing the invasion of evil spirits and evil spirits, and the concept of such a boundary has something in common with the world boundary and the magic circle of the West.

1-2. Relationship between Ancient Religions and Boundaries

The concept of boundaries has played an important role in Buddhism and other ancient religions. In Buddhism, boundaries were set up by monks to prevent disturbances in their practice and were used as physical and spiritual sanctuaries to focus the mind. In esoteric Buddhism, the boundary also has a magical meaning to protect against demons and evil spirits. This idea of boundaries also developed as an element that symbolized coexistence with nature, such as the shrine noose rope in Shintoism.

1-3. The Role of Boundaries in Japan Culture

In Japan, boundaries are rooted in many aspects of religious ceremonies and lifestyle culture. The shrine's torii gates and ropes serve as visible barriers separating the sanctuary from the outside world, making visitors aware of the boundaries. There is also a deep cultural layer in which chopsticks are used as a symbolic barrier connecting the natural world and the human world, and gratitude is expressed. In addition, the boundary in Japan was greatly influenced by the onmyodo of the Heian period, and due to the activities of onmyoji such as Abe Seimei, the boundary has been used as part of the practice of exorcising evil spirits and having magical effects.

1-4. Similar concepts found in world religions and cultures

The concept of boundaries is not unique to Japan, and similar ideas exist in religions and cultures around the world. In the West, magic circles and sacred figures have been used to focus consciousness and provide spiritual protection. In addition, the setting of sanctuaries can be seen in the Vedic culture of India, and in ancient Egypt, there was a concept of energy utilization of the place linked to the construction of pyramids. These commonalities indicate that the boundary is a universal element that brings holiness and security to humans.

1-5. Background to the Spread and Evolution of the Boundary Concept

The concept of boundaries has expanded and evolved over time and in different regions. In Japan, the elements of nature worship, which perceives mountains and rivers as boundaries, and the magical aspects of onmyodo have been fused together, and have developed in various forms. On the other hand, in modern times, there is a movement to apply the role of boundaries from a spiritual perspective to environmental design. In this way, the concept of boundaries is not limited to mere religious existence, but continues to evolve as a universal idea that affects people's lives and mental stability.

Chapter 2: Types of Boundaries and Their Forms

2-1. Specific examples of boundaries in shrines and temples

Shrines and temples can be said to be places that symbolize Japan's boundary culture. For example, the torii gate of a shrine or the mountain gate of a temple serve as the entrance to the boundary. By passing through the torii gate, you will cross the boundary between the mundane world and the sanctuary and step into a sacred space. In addition, the shimenawa rope stretched in the temple grounds functions as a barrier to prevent evil things. In Buddhism, the layout of temples is planned based on the idea of boundaries, and efforts are made to create an environment where monks can concentrate on their practice. In this way, the barrier in Japan can be said to be an important structure that creates a sacred space and aims at spiritual protection.

2-2. Utilization of natural boundaries, mountains, rivers, and land

Since ancient times, mountains, rivers, and the earth itself have functioned as boundaries in Japan. For example, Mt. Hiei and Mt. Koya are considered sacred sites, and the natural topography plays a role as a boundary. These topographies have not only restricted physical access, but have also been used as barriers to capture the spiritual forces of nature. In addition, the idea of spiritual protection and purification by utilizing the "energy of the field" generated by the terrain still remains. The natural terrain that represents Japan, such as Kumano Kodo and Mt. Fuji, strongly reflects this idea of boundaries.

2-3. Boundary Structures in Cities and Buildings

The concept of boundaries has also been incorporated into cities and buildings. For example, in urban planning in Japan, the idea is to protect the entire city by placing shrines in specific positions. In addition, the urban structure of Tokyo, centered on the Imperial Palace, is a symbolic example of the adoption of a boundary arrangement. In architecture, stone lanterns and fences in mansions and gardens play the role of boundaries, separating the exterior and interior spaces to maintain a peaceful life. These barriers in cities and architecture contain spiritual aspects of the past, but in modern times they are also attracting attention as elements that create spatial design and a sense of security.

2-4. Relationship with Ley Lines and Power Spots

In recent years, ley lines and power spots have been attracting attention, and these are also closely related to boundaries. A ley line is a straight line that connects sacred sites and ruins on the earth, and it is said that this forms a flow of energy and acts as a natural boundary. For example, on the ley line centered on Mt. Fuji in Japan, there are many shrines and temples that are said to have spiritual power. In addition, certain places called power spots are often interpreted as points where the energy of the boundary has increased, and are popular as places for sightseeing and healing. These are modern interpretations that combine the concept of "the power of place" and boundaries.

2-5. Small barriers in daily life

Even in everyday life, there are small barriers hidden. For example, a chopstick rest placed on the dining table functions as a small barrier to give thanks for food through chopsticks. In addition, the mound of salt placed at the entrance is also a kind of barrier that prevents evil spirits from the outside world. These small boundaries serve to create a sense of security in people's minds as part of the lifestyle habits that have been naturally passed down in Japan culture. In this way, the concept of boundaries is also alive in the detailed customs of daily life, and it protects our lives in a way that we are not aware of.

Chapter 3: The Function of Boundaries and Their Scientific Interpretation

3-1. Spiritual and psychological effects of boundaries

Barriers have been treated as spiritual barriers since ancient times and have played an important role in many cultures and religions. Its main purpose is to prevent evil spirits and negative energies. It has been believed that this effect can provide a sense of mental stability and security. For example, the torii gates and tsurennawa of Japan shrines are examples of boundaries, which clearly distinguish the secular world from the sacred realm. In addition, there is a lot of talk about the psychological effect of protecting the mental space of the individual, and this kind of spiritual and psychological role is a common feature not only in Japan but also in the world.

3-2. Energy of boundaries and fields and their effects from the perspective of science

Boundaries are often talked about as a spiritual concept, but in recent years there has been a movement to interpret the mechanism from a scientific point of view. In particular, research is underway to analyze the impact of boundaries on people from the perspective of "field energy." It has been pointed out that the characteristics of the earth's own magnetic field and topography may affect the boundary, and places called power spots and ley lines have also been tried to explain from this perspective. This may provide clues to a scientific explanation of how boundaries work psychologically and physically.

3-3. Boundary Design as an Ancient Science and Technology

The boundary is not just a spiritual boundary, but it is also an aspect that was designed as an advanced science and technology in ancient times. For example, the layout of ancient buildings and shrines in Japan was based on feng shui and the yin-yang path, and the boundary was built while making the most of the natural energy in the surrounding area. These design concepts can also be regarded as an ancient energy management system, and are still used as references in the fields of architecture and environmental design today. Similar techniques can also be found in boundaries around the world, such as pyramids and Stonehenge.

3-4. Relationship between Environmental Design and Boundaries

There are many examples of the concept of boundaries being used in modern environmental design. For example, urban planning requires creating visual and mental boundaries to make the spaces where people live safe and comfortable. This makes it possible to provide a place of psychological comfort for people and an area with a clear function. The concept of "distinction and harmony" of traditional Japan boundaries has also been applied to the design of modern public spaces, and the layout of shrines and gardens can be said to be a typical structure.

3-5. "Boundary Effect" from the Viewpoint of Social Psychology

The psychological and social effects of boundaries on people are also being analyzed from the perspective of social psychology. It has been pointed out that the recognition of a specific space as a "boundary" can change people's behavior. For example, a sense of boundary in a religious ceremony may make it easier for participants to concentrate. In addition, by emphasizing the awareness that "this is a special place" through boundaries, it also has the effect of creating social cohesion and order. This kind of boundary effect applies not only to Japan but also to the rest of the world, and plays an important role in common across cultures and religions.

Chapter 4: Urban Legends and True Stories Surrounding the Boundary

4-1. The story of the boundary that has been passed down in various parts of Japan

There are many interesting stories about boundaries throughout Japan. For example, Mt. Hiei and Mt. Koya, where the entire mountain functions as a boundary, have played an important role as places of spiritual support for monks. In addition, it is said that there is a barrier around Kyoto that was once set up by onmyoji to protect Heiankyo, and many people are still fascinated by this urban legend. These stories add to the mystique of these stories by combining historical context and spiritual elements.

4-2. Historical Background of Haruaki Abe and the Formation of Japan

Haruaki Abe, a renowned onmyoji, is an indispensable part of Japan's boundary culture. Active in the late Heian period, he built a barrier to protect the nation by making full use of the art of Yin-Yang Do, and left many legends. In particular, the boundary that utilizes the "five-pointed star" is so widely known that it can be said to be synonymous with him. In addition, his art of formation has been studied to the present day, and the technique is still applied today in shrines and spiritual settings.

4-3. Tradition of exorcising evil spirits and exorcism

Barriers have been used as an important means of exorcising evil spirits and exorcism. The torii gates and shimenawa of shrines and temples are familiar to Japan as symbolic examples of boundaries. These are said to have the role of separating the sanctuary from the mundane world and to prevent the intrusion of bad qi. In addition, it is not uncommon for boundaries to be used in ceremonies and festivals. This kind of tradition is deeply rooted in Japan's religious beliefs and unique culture.

4-4. Legends of the Boundary in the World and Their Differences

The concept of boundaries is not limited to Japan, but similar legends can be seen all over the world. For example, the magic circles in Europe have a lot in common with the boundaries of Japan. The magic circle is depicted as a barrier to prevent the invasion of evil spirits and evil spirits, and is considered a symbol of spiritual protection. On the other hand, in Chinese feng shui, the concept of protecting space by adjusting "qi" is emphasized as a concept equivalent to boundary. In this way, although there are differences in the interpretation and form of boundaries depending on culture and faith, they all share the common theme of "protection."

4-5. Actual experiences of boundary barriers and examples of modern use

Even in modern times, boundaries are used in spiritual places and urban planning. For example, when describing the "special atmosphere" or "tension in silence" experienced at a particular shrine, people may mention the existence of a barrier. In addition, many individuals want to protect themselves by putting up a barrier in their homes. In particular, as feng shui and power spots attract attention, stories of barrier experiences are shared as interesting stories. Such examples are a factor that increases the attention of not only Japan's boundaries, but also those around the world.

Chapter 5: Contemporary Applications and Possibilities of Boundary

5-1. Use of boundaries as a spiritual place

In modern times, the boundary serves as a spiritual place. Especially in healing and meditation settings, there is a growing number of ways to consciously use boundaries to stabilize and concentrate the mind. For example, attempts have been made to use candles and crystals to set up small barriers to focus on one's inner self and block out negative energy. Because such practices can provide emotional stability, they are sometimes adopted as a technique not only by individuals but also by therapists and counselors. Knowledge of not only Japan's boundaries but also the world's boundaries is related to these spiritual approaches.

5-2. The Concept of Boundaries in Architecture and Urban Planning

The concept of boundaries is also attracting attention in architecture and urban planning. The role of the boundary is not limited to the spiritual, but also has an impact on the design of the space and the construction of the environment. For example, shrines and temples in Japan are designed to clearly separate the sanctuary from the secular world with torii gates and hedges, and this is also conscious in modern urban spaces. It can be said that the concept of "buffer zone" and "boundary space" in urban design is based on the traditional concept of boundaries. In addition, the use of ley lines, which emphasizes local energy and geographical factors, has been introduced, and there are more and more cases where buildings and cities themselves act as modern boundaries.

5-3. Application of mental care and boundaries

In recent years, the effect of boundaries has been attracting attention in the field of mental care. There is a need to create a space that brings a sense of security psychologically and to create an environment that reduces stress. Among them, it is said that the boundary unconsciously gives humans a "feeling of being protected" and has a relaxing effect. Japan's boundaries are particularly appreciated for this point of view, and are used in mental health environments as elements that bring tranquility and harmony. Items that symbolize nature and harmony, such as mountain buildings and rock gardens, are designed to replicate the physical and spiritual role of the boundary.

5-4. Possibility of Boundaries in Digital Space

With the development of information technology, the concept of boundaries is expanding into the digital space. In the field of cybersecurity, the walls that protect data and privacy can be seen as a "digital boundary." These digital barriers are designed to prevent the intrusion or leakage of information and ensure its safety. In addition, in fields such as games and virtual reality, attempts are being made to provide a virtual environment where people can feel safe by creating "boundaries" in avatars and data space. This concept is an interesting development based on traditional cultures about spiritual boundaries and world boundaries.

5-5. The Future of Boundary Culture and its Impact on People's Lives

The concept of boundaries is still expanding in many fields and has a significant impact on our lives. In Japan culture, boundaries are an important concept that provides mental stability and security, so the way they are utilized in daily life will continue to evolve. On the other hand, the exchange and fusion of knowledge related to the boundaries of the world has the potential to create new cultural values. For example, it is expected to be used for community formation based on boundaries and future environment design. Through these efforts, the culture of boundaries will continue to expand and continue to play a role in relieving stress and loneliness in modern society.

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